The Immigration Medical Department (Service médical de l'immigration) was created in 2008 and falls under the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs (Ministère des Affaires étrangères et européennes) where it is attached to the Health Directorate / Occupational Health Department (Direction de la santé/Division de la Santé au Travail et de l'Environnement). It is responsible for implementing the provisions of the Law of 29 August 2008 on the free movement of persons and immigration.

Its 4 main assignments are:

• the organisation of medical check-ups for foreigners who apply for a residence permit;
• the establishment of reasoned medical opinions upon request from the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs in matters of postponement of deportation;
• the processing of files concerning foreigners who wish to receive medical treatment in Luxembourg but are not covered by the social security system;
• medical check-ups for citizens of the European Union (EU) or of a country treated as such (Norway, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein).