An architect is a building professional who is responsible for designing and directing the execution of an architectural project on behalf of a proprietor (an individual, company or public authority). A consulting engineer's job is to plan, coordinate and supervise the execution of the architectural project. To do this, they take care of the design, development and administrative procedures of a project on behalf of a contractor.

Both of these professions are freelance, self-employed work under the auspices of a single professional body: the Order of Architects and Consulting Engineers (Ordre des architectes et des ingénieurs-conseils). Membership of the order is mandatory for all architects and consulting engineers, be they natural persons or legal persons, that wish to practise their profession on a freelance basis in Luxembourg.